Site-Map

The Stone Age ( 8700 – 2000 BC )

• Stone Age Tools
• Ancient China (8500 BC – 221 BC)
• Mesopotamia ( 5300 BC – 539 BC )  
  • Cereal Crops ( 4th Century BC )
  • Mathematics ( 4000 – 539 BC )
  • The Wheel ( 3500 BC )
  • Astronomy and The Calendar

The Bronze Age ( 3200 – 600 BC )

• Ancient Egypt ( 3100 BC – 332 BC )  
  • The Pyramids
• Assyrians (2500 BC)
• Hittites (2000 BC)
• Babylon (18th – 6th century BC)
• Knossos Palace (1700-1400 BC)
• The Sea Peoples ( 1200 BC – 900 BC )
• Persians (9th Century BC)
• The Great Wall ( 7th Century BC )
• Bronze Age Tools

The Iron Age ( 11th Century – 600 BC )

• Iron Age Tools
• Archaic Greece (750-490 BC)
• Classical Greece (5th – 4th Century BC)
• Acropolis of Athens
  • Parthenon (Greece, 447 BC)
• Greek Theatre
• Magna Graecia
• The Tomb of Philip II
• Alexander The Great
• Alexandria
• Hellenistic Greece
• Ptolemaic Architecture

• The Silk Road ( 208 BC – 220 AD )

• Pre-Columbian

• The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World

ANCIENT MATERIALS

• Wood
• Clay
• Limestone
• Sandstone
• Calcite
• Schists
• Lapis Lazuli / Blue Stone
• Copper
• Tin
• Bronze
• Gold
• Silver
• Granite
• Marble
• Amber
• Incense

Ancient Technologies and Techniques

• Plaster
• Pillars and Beams
• Stone Polishing
• Pottery
• Jewelry
• Relief Sculpture (Raised and Sunk)
• Pigments and Painting
• Woodblock Printing

Ancient Rome (753BC-476AD)

• Estruscans and Italic Tribes
• The Seven Kings of Rome
• Caesar and Augustus
• Vitruvius (80BC-15BC) De Architectura / On Architecture
• Nero’s Domus Aurea
• Palatinum, Palatium
• Domitian and Gaius Rabirius
• Trajan
• Apollodorus of Damascus (50/60 – 130)
• Traian’s Forum and Markets
• Adrian

• Roman Domus / The Roman House
• Roman Forum
• Roman Circus
• Roman Theatre
• Anphitheatre
• Thermal Baths
• The Basilica
• The Pantheon
• The Colosseum
• Pompeii and Hercolaneum
• Baiae
• The Birth of Christianity
• Paleochristian Style

Technologies, Techniques, Inventions

• Roman Numbers
• The Round Arch
• Opus Caementicium/ Concrete
• Emplastrum / Plaster
• Roads, Aqueducts, Sewers
• Plumbum and Plumbing

• The Four Pompeian Styles
  • I – Masonry and Marble Simulation (200BC)
  • II – Architectural and Illusionistic (90BC)
  • III – Ornate Style (20BC)
  • IV – Fantastic and Panoramic (60AD)

Barbarian Invasions (3rd-9th Century)

• The Huns and the Germanic Tribes
• The Gauls
• The Vandals
• The Goths
• The Lombards
• The Franks
• The Fall of The Western Roman Empire (476 AD)

Low Middle Ages (400-1000)

• Byzantine/Eastern Roman Empire
• Byzantine Style (330-1453 AD)
  
• The Birth of Islam (610 AD)
• Charlemagne and The Carolingians (750–987 AD)
• Carolingian Style (7h Century)
• Umayyad Style (8th-10th Century)
• The Holy Roman Empire (800 – 1806 AD)
• Aachen Cathedral
• Ottonian Style
• Pre-Romanesque Style
• Romanesque Style
• Moorish Style (9th-15th Century)
• Romanesque Style (10th Century)
• The Vikings (8th-11th Century)
• The Normans
• Norman-Byantine Style

Technologies, Techniques, Inventions

• Hindu–Arabic Numerals (700 AD)
• Abbas ibn Firnas, The First Flying Man  (810–887 AD)

High Middle Ages (1000-1300)

• The Medieval Castle
• The Crusades (1096 to 1487)
• Medieval Styles
• Gothic Style (12th-16th Century)
• Venetian Gothic Style (14th-15th Century)
• The Ottomans
• The Fall of Constantinople (1453)

Technologies, Techniques, Inventions

• Tapestry: Carpets and Arras
• Chinese Gunpowder
• Firearms (13th Century)
• The Eyeglasses (13th Century)

ART

• Giotto (1267-1337)

Renaissance (1300-1400)

• Humanism and Classic Revival
  
  • Filippo Brunelleschi (1377-1446)  
    • The Invention of Perspective
  • Leon Battista Alberti (1404–1472)  
    • De Statua / On Sculpture
    • De Pictura / On Painting
    • De Re Aedificatoria / On Architecture

Technologies, Techniques, Inventions

• Trompe-l’œil / Deceive The Eye
• Venetian Glass
• Italian Maiolica
• The Palace
• The Studio
• Marqueterie / Marquetry
• Intaglio printmaking
• Gutenberg’s Printing Press (1440)

ART

• Donatello (1386-1466)
• Paolo Uccello (1397-1475)
• Luca della Robbia (1400-1482)
• Piero della Francesca (1416-1492)
• Masaccio (1401–1428)
• Andrea Mantegna (1431–1506)
• Sandro Botticelli (1445–1510)
• Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519)  
  • Le Macchine di Leonardo
• Michelangelo (1475–1564)
• Giorgione (1478-1510)
• Raffaello / Raphael (1483–1520)
  
• Titian (1488–1576)

• Jan van Eyck (1385–1440)
• Albrecht Dürer (1471-1528)
• Dutch and Flemish Renaissance Art
  

High Renaissance / Mannerism (1500)

• Andrea Palladio (1508-1580)
  • Palladianism (1500)
• Mannerism (1520-1590)
• Grotesque (1560)
• Henry II Style (1530-1590)
• Louis XIII Style – Louis Treize (1589-1661)
• Jacques I Androuet du Cerceau (1510–1584)
• Hugues Sambin (1520–1601)

Technologies, Techniques, Inventions, Discoveries

• Cristoforo Colombo and The New World (1492)
• Amerigo Vespucci and The Exploration of America (1497-1507)
• The European Conquistadores (1519-1560)
• The Golden Age of The Spanish Empire (1521-1643)
• Etching

ART

• Benvenuto Cellini (1500-1571)
• Tintoretto (1518-1594)
• Giuseppe Arcimboldo (1526-1593)

• Dutch and Flemish Late Renaissance Art
• Hieronymus Bosch (1453-1516)
• Pieter Bruegel (1525-1569)
• Lucas van Valckenborch (1535-1597)

MUSIC & THEATER

• The Birth of Italian Opera
• Claudio  Monteverdi  (1567 -1643)
• Commedia dell’Arte

Baroque 1600 ( 17th Century )

• Roman Baroque (1623-1667)
• Gian Lorenzo Bernini (1598-1680)
• Francesco Borromini (1599-1667)
• Louis XIV – Louis Quatorze Style (1643–1715)
• André Charles Boulle (1642-1732)
• Restoration Style (1660–1685)
• The Gobelins Manufactory (1667)
• Royal Palaces
• Cabinets
• Baroque Furniture
• Boiseries
• Gypsum Plaster (Plaster of Paris)

ART

• Caravaggio – Michelangelo Merisi (1571-1610)
• Pieter Paul Rubens (1577-1640)
• Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn (1606-1669)
• Jan Vermeer (1632-1675)

Rococò 1700 ( 18th Century )

• Régence style – Philippe II, duc d’Orléans  (1715-1723)
• Louis XV Style – Louis Quinze (1723–1774)
• Chinoiserie
• Porcelain

MUSIC

• Mozart

Neoclassicism (1750-1830)

• Rome, Pompeii and Ercolano Excavations (1740)
• Johann Joachim Winckelmann (1717–1768)
• Giovan Battista Piranesi (1720-1778)
• Robert Adam (1728-1792)

• Louis XVI Style – Louis Seize (1774-1793)
• Early Georgian Style – Palladianism Revival (1714-1750)
• Late Georgian (1760-1810)
• Directoire Style (1795-1799)
• Napoleonic Empire Style (1800-1815)

• Charles Percier (1764-1838)
• Pierre-François-Léonard Fontaine (1762-1853)
• François-Honoré-Georges Jacob-Desmalter (1770–1841)

ART

• Neoclassic Art
  • Joseph-Marie Vien (1716-1809)
  • Jacques-Louis David (1748-1825)
  • Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres (1780-1867)
  • Antonio Canova (1757-1822)
  • Etienne-Louis Boullée (1728-1799)
  • Claude-Nicolas Ledoux (1736-1806)
  • Bertel Thorvaldsen (1770-1844)
  • Giuseppe Piermarini (1734-1808)
  • Giuseppe Valadier (1762-1839)
  • Karl-Friederich Schinkel (1781-1841)

Industrialism (1760-1870)

• Shaker Style
  • Ladderback Chair (17th Century)
  • Tabitha Babbitt (1779-1853)

• First Industrial Revolution 1760-1840
  • Steam Power and Factory System
  • Textile Industry
  • Agricultural Revolution
  • The Invention of Circular Saw (1777)

• John Smeaton
• The Invention of Hydraulic Concrete
  • Eddystone Lighthouse (1759)
• Joseph Aspdin
  • Portland Cement (1824)
• Chance Brothers and Cylinder Process Glass (1832)

• Second Industrial Revolution (1840-1870)
  •  François Coignet (1814-1888)
    • The Invention of Reinforced Concrete (1849)
    • Francois Coignet House (1853)
  • Transportation: Railways, Boats and Ships
  • Industrialisation and Urbanisation
  • Parkesine / Nitrocellulose , First Man-Made Plastic (1856)
  • Aluminum

PHOTOGRAPHY

• Lithography (1796)
• The Birth of Photography (1826-1834)
• Rotary press
• Photolithography (1850)
• William Fox Talbot (1800-1877)

Eclecticism (18th – 19th Century)

• Chippendale Style (1750-1780)
• Hepplewhite Style (1775-1800)
• Sheraton Style (1785-1820)
• Charles X Style / Restoration Style (1814–1830)
• Biedermeier Style (1815-1848)
• Louis Philippe Style (1830-1848)
• Victorian Style (1837-1901)
• Regency Style (1811-1830)
• Second Empire – Napoleon III Style (1865-1880)
• Edwardian Style (1901-1910)

ART

• Realism (1830 – 1970)
  • Jean Désiré Gustave Courbet (1819–1877)
  • Jean-François Millet (181 –1875)
• Romantic Art
  • Johann Heinrich Füssli (1741-1825)
  • Francisco de Goya (1746-1828)
  • William Blake (1757-1827)
  • William Turner (1775-1851)
  • John Constable (1776-1837)
  • Théodore Géricault (1791-1824)
  • Eugène Delacroix  (1798–1863)

CLASSIC MUSIC

• Bel  Canto  School
• Rossini, Donizetti, Bellini, Verdi, Puccini
• German Opera
• Wagner

Pre-Modern 1800 (19th Century)

• Capitalism, Socialism, Romanticism
• The Birth of Industrial Design
• Michael Thonet (1796– 1871)
  • The Invention of Curved Wood (1830)
  • Boppard Layerwood Chair (1836)
  • Chair 14 “Chair of Chairs” (1859)
• Edward de Smedt’s Asphalt (1870)
• Gustave Eiffel (1832-1923)
  • The Eiffel Tower (1887-1889)

ART

• Pre-Impressionism
• Édouard Manet (1832-1883)
  • Paul Cézanne (1839–1906)
• Impressionism (1860 -1890)
  • Claude Monet (1840-1926)
  • Pierre-Auguste Renoir (1841-1919)
  • Edgar Degas (1834-1917)
• Neo/Post-impressionism (1886-1905)
  • Paul Gauguin (1848-1903)
  • Vincent Willem Van Gogh (1853–1890)
• Pointillism
  • Georges-Pierre Seurat (1859-1891)
• Divisionism

GRAPHIC DESIGN & ANIMATION

• Joseph Antoine Ferdinand Plateau (1801-1883)
  • Phenakistiscope (1833)
• Jules Chéret (1836-1932)
• Emile Reynaud (1844-1918)
  • Praxinoscope (1877)

CINEMA

• Thomas Edison’s Kinetoscope (1893)
• Filoteo Alberini
• Auguste and Louis Lumière
  • The Invention of Cinema (1895)
• Georges Méliès (1861-1938)
  • Cinematic Special Effects  (1896-1914)
  • Le Voyage dans la Lune (1902)
• Arthur Melbourne-Cooper (1874–1961)
  • The Birth of Animation (1899)

MUSIC

• The Birth of Jazz

Arts and Crafts (1850-1914)

• Return to Medieval Principles
• John Ruskin (1819 – 1900)
• Philip Webb (1831–1915)
• William Morris (1834–1896)
• Glasgow School (1870-1910)
• Charles Rennie Mackintosh (1868-1928)
  • Ladder Back Chair 1903
• American Craftsman/Mission Style
  • Gustav Stickley (1858-1942)

ART AND GRAPHIC DESIGN

• Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood (1848)
  • Dante Gabriel Rossetti
• Walter Crane 1845-1915
• Decadentism
  • Jan Toorop 1858–1928
  • Aubrey Beardsley 1872-1898

Art Nouveau / Jugendstil (1890-1914)

• Jugendstil
  Jugend Magazine (1886)
• Siegfried Bing (1838-1905)
• Le Japon Artistique (1888)
• Maison de l’Art Nouveau (1895)

• Henry Van de Velde (1863-1957)
• Victor Horta (1861-1947)
• Hector Guimard (1867-1942)
• Louis Comfort Tiffany (1848-1933)
• Louis Majorelle (1859-1926)
• Eugène Gaillard (1862-1933)
• Edward Colonna (1862-1948)
• Italian Liberty Style (1895-1914)
• Carlo Bugatti (1855-1940)
• Catalan Modernisme (1900-1912)
• Antoni Gaudì (1852-1926)
  • Battló Chair (1906)

ART AND GRAPHIC DESIGN

• William Henry Bradley 1868–1962
• Edward Penfield 1866–1925
• Alfons Mucha 1860–1939
• James Ensor (1860- 1949)
• Otto Eckmann 1865-1902
• Édouard Vuillard 1868-1940
• Georges de Feure 1868–1943
• Leopoldo Metlicovitz 1868–1944
• Adolf Hohenstein 1854–1928
• Leonetto Cappiello 1875–1942
• Umberto Brunelleschi 1879-1949

Wiener Sezession / Secession (1897-1914)

• Sezessionstil / Secession Style (1897)
• Ver Sacrum / Sacred Spring (1898-1903)
• Otto Wagner 1841-1918
• Joseph Maria Olbrich 1867-1908
• Joseph Hoffmann 1870-1956
• Wiener Werkstatte 1903-1932  
  • High Back Chair 1904
• Gustav Klimt (1862-1918)
• Koloman Moser (1868-1918)

Early Modern (1900-1914)

• August Perret (1874-1954)
  • Rue Franklin Apartments (1902)
  • Théâtre des Champs-Élysées (1913)
• Chicago School (1880-1920)
  • Dankmar Adler (1844-1900)
  • Louis Sullivan (1856-1924)
• Hendrik Petrus Berlage (1856-1934)
• Peter Behrens (1868-1940)
• Ingalls Building, First Reinforced Concrete Skyscraper (1903)
• Adolf Loos (1870-1933)
  • Steiner House (1910)

ART

• Fauvism (1904-1909)
  • Henri Matisse (1869–1954)
  • André Derain (1880–1954)
• Cubism (1907-1914)
  • Pablo Picasso (1881-1973)
  • Georges Braque (1882-1963)
• Futurism (1909-1930)
  • Filippo Tommaso Marinetti (1876-1944)
  • Giacomo Balla (1871-1958)
  • Umberto Boccioni (1882-1916)
• Pittura Metafisica (1909-1919)
  • Giorgio de Chirico (1888-1978)
• Dada (1916-1930)
  • Marcel Duchamp (1887-1968)
  • Man Ray (1890-1976)
  • Francis Picabia (1879-1953)
• Amedeo Modigliani (1884-1920)

CINEMA

• The First Kolossals
  • The Siege of Troy (1911)
  • Cabiria (1917)

ANIMATION

• Emile Cohl (1857-1938)
  • Fantasmagorie (1908)
• Winsor McCay (1869-1934)
  • Little Nemo (1911)

Expressionism  (1910-1930)

• Bruno Taut (1880-1938)
  • Arbeitsrat fur Kunst
• Erich Mendelsohn (1887-1953)
• Hans Poelzig (1896-1936)

ART

•  Expressionist Art (1910-1930)
  • James Ensor (1860–1949)
  • Edvard Munch (1863–1944)
  • Oskar Kokoschka (1886–1980)
  • Egon Schiele (1890–1918)
• Abstractism (Abstract Expressonism) 1905 – 1930
  • Wassily Kandinsky (1866-1944)
  • Paul Klee (1879-1940)
  • Franz Marc (1880-1916)
  • Arshile Gorky (1904–1948)
• Suprematism, Constructivism (1917-1922)
  • Kazimir Malevich (1878-1935)
  • El Lissitzky (1890-1941)

CINEMA

• Expressionist Cinema
  • Robert Wiene’s Das Cabinet des Dr. Caligari 1920
  • Friedrich Wilhelm Murnau’s Nosferatu 1922
  • Fritz Lang’s Metropolis 1927

De Stijl / Neoplasticism (1917-1942)

• De Stijl
• Theo Van Doesburg (1883-1931)
• Gerrit Thomas Rietveld (1888-1964)
  • Red and Blue Chair (1918)
  • Schröder House (1925)
• Piet Mondrian (1972-1944)

Functionalism / Bauhaus (1919-1933)

• Deutscher Werkbund (1917-1934)
• Staatliches Bauhaus (1919-1933)
  • Walter Gropius (1883-1969)
  • Marcel Breuer (1902-1981)
    • Wassilly Chair (1925)
  • Max Bill (1908-1994)
  • Josef Albers (1888-1976)
  • László Moholy-Nagy (1932 – 1946)
  • Lyonel Feininger
  • Johannes Itten
  • Oskar Schlemmer

Modern / International (1920-1980)

• International Style (1920-1970)
• Frank Lloyd Wright (1867-1959)
  • Organic Architecture
  • Coonley House Chair (1907)
  • Robie House Chair (1908)
  • Origami Chair (1949)
  • Fallingwater House (1935 – 1937)
• Ludwig Mies Van Der Rohe (1886-1969)
  • Barcelona Pavillon (1929)
  • Barcelona Chair (1929)
• Lilly Reich (1885–1947)
• Robert Mallet-Stevens (1886–1945)
• Le Corbusier (1887-1965)
  • LC Collection (1929)
  • Villa Savoye (1929)
  • The Modulor (1946)
• Charlotte Perriand (1903–1999)
  • Siège Pivotant (1927)
• Hugo Alvar Henrik Aalto (1898–1976)
  • 401 Chair (1932)
• Mart Stam (1899-1986)
• Jean Prouvé (1901–1984)
  • Standard Chair and Table (1934)
  • Potence Lamp (1946)
• Marianne Brandt (1893 – 1983)
  • Brandt’s Tea Infuser (1924)
• Aleksandr Rodchenko (1891–1956)
• Richard Buckminster Fuller (1895-1993)

• Petroleum
• Titanium
• Henry Ford
• Automobile

ART

• Surrealism (1920)
  • André Breton (1896-1966)
  •  Francis Picabia (1879-1953)
  • René Magritte (1898-1967)
  • Max Ernst (1891 – 1976)
  • Salvador Dalí (1904-1989)
• Edward Hopper (1882-1967)
• Grant Wood (1892-1942)
• George Grosz (1893-1959)
• Alexander Calder (1898-1976)
• Frida Kahlo (1907-1954)

CINEMA

• Carl Th. Dreyer
• Hollywood Studios Golden Era
  • David W. Griffith
  • Charlie Chaplin

ANIMATION

• Winsor McCay
• Walt Disney (1901-1966)
• Steamboat Willie (1928)
• Birth of Mickey Mouse (1928)

Rationalism  (1922-1945)

• Pier Luigi Nervi (1891-1979)
  • Prefabrication
  • Ferrocement
• Gruppo 7 (1926)
• Giuseppe Terragni (1904-1943)
• Marcello Piacentini
  • Sapienza University
• EUR Esposizione Universale Roma (1936-1942)
• The Squared Colosseum (Palazzo della Civiltà Italiana)

• Totalitarian Architecture
• Albert Speer(1905-1981)

Decò (1925-1945)

• Eileen Gray (1878-1976)
• Emile-Jacques Ruhlmann (1879-1933)
• Karl Emmanual Martin Weber 1889 1963
• Paul Follot (1877-1941)
• Robert Mallet-Stevens (1886–1945)
• Paul Theodore Frankl (1886-1962)
• Betty Joel (1894-1985)
  • Cambridge Armchair (1935)
• William van Alen (1883-1954)
• Raymond Hood (1881 – 1934)
• Kem Weber (1889–1963)
  • American Decò Armchair (1936)
• Andre Leon Arbus 1903-1969

ART & GRAPHIC DESIGN

• Tamara de Lempicka (1898–1980)
• Georges Lepape  (1887–1971)

Late Modern (1940-Today)

• Brutalism (1940s-Today)
• Richard Neutra (1892–1970)
  • Kaufmann Desert House (1946)
• Philip Johnson (1906-2005)
  • Glass House (1949)
• Louis Khan (1901-1974)
  • Phillips Exeter Academy Library (1965)
• Adalberto Libera (1903-1963)
  • Casa Malaparte
• Oscar Niemeyer (1907-2012)
  • Estel Executive Desk
• Michael Graves (1934-2015)
• Paul László (1900–1993)
• Isamu Noguchi (1904-1988)
  • Noguchi Coffee Table (1947)
• George Katsutoshi Nakashima (1905-1990)
  • Walnut Furniture
• Charles (1907–1978) and Ray Eames (1912–1988)
  • LCW Chair (1948)
  • Wire Chair (1951)
  • Eames Lounge Chair (1956)
• Finn Juhl (1912–1989)
• Hans Jørgensen Wegner (1914-2007)
• Harry Bertoia (1915-1978)
  • Wire Chairs
• Paul McCobb (1917-1969)
• Jacques Hitier (1917–1999)
• Florence Knoll (1917-2019)
• Jens Risom (1916-2016)
  • A-Chair
• Paul Rand (1914-1996)

Technologies, Techniques, Inventions, Discoveries

• Inkjet printing

ART

• Alberto Giacometti (1877-1966)
• Henry Spencer Moore (1898-1986)
• Lucio Fontana (1899-1968)
  • Spatialism 1947
• Abstract Expressionism 1940
  • Action Painting
    • Jackson Pollock 1912-1956
  • Color Field Painting
    • Mark Rothko 1903-1970
• Marino Marini 1901-1980
• Francis Bacon 1909-1992
• Alberto Burri 1915-1995
• Jean Tinguely

CINEMA

• Yasujirō Ozu 1903–1963
• Kaneto Shindō 1912–2012
• Italian Neorealism
  • Luchino Visconti 1906-1976
  • Roberto Rosselini 1906-1977
  • Vittorio De Sica 1901-1974

The Fifties and POP Culture (1950s)

• The Economic Boom
• Petroleum
• Plastic Materials
  • Moplen (1954)
• Italian Industrial Design
• Gio Ponti (1891-1979)
  • Distex Loung Chair (1953)
  • Superleggera (1955)
• Arne Jacobsen (1902-1971)
  • Swan Chair (1958)
  • Egg Armchair (1958)
• Carlo Mollino 1905-1973
  • Casa Orengo Glass and Oak Table (1949)
• George Nelson (1908–1986)
  • Marshmallow Sofa (1956)
• Eero Saarinen (1910-1961)
  • Tulip Suite (1955)
• Russell Spanner (1916–1974)
  • Lounge Armchair (1950)
• Marco Zanuso (1916-2001)
  • Lady Chair (1951)
•  Pier Giacomo Castiglioni (1913- 1968)
• Achille Castiglioni (1918-1902)
• Vico Magistretti (1920-2006)
• Neo Rationalism (1950-Today)
  • Aldo Rossi (1931 – 1997) 
  • Giorgio Grassi

GRAPHIC DESIGN

• Swiss Style (Graphic Design)

ART

• New Dada
• Pop Art
  • Richard Hamilton (1922-2011)
  • Roy Lichtenstein (1923-1997)
  • Andy Warhol (1928-1987)

CINEMA

• Akira Kurosawa (1910-1998)
• Italian Masters of Cinema
  • Federico Fellini (1920-1993)
  • Pier Paolo Pasolini (1922-1975)
  • Michelangelo Antonioni (1912-2007)
• French Nouvelle Vague
  François Truffaut
  Jean-Luc Godard
• Alfred Hitchcock (1826-1980)
• Saul Bass (1920-1996)

The Sixsties (1960s)

• The Social Revolutions
• Underground Culture
• The Beat Generation and the Hippies
• Gaetano Pesce
• Robert Venturi (1925-2018)
• Bruno Munari (1907-1998)
  • Sofa Abitacolo (1972)
• Verner Panton (1926–1998)
  • Panton Chair (1963)
• Joe Cesare Colombo (1930-1971)
  • Tube Chair (1969)
• Enzo Mari (1932 – 2020)
• First Men on the Moon (1969)

ART

• Kinetic Art
• Happening
• Video Art
  • Bill Viola
• Psychedelic Art
• Conceptual Art
• Performance Art
• Op Art
• Arte Povera
• Minimal Art
  • Yves Klein
  • Frank Stella
  • Donald Judd
• Milton Glaser
• Alejandro Jodorowsky

GRAPHIC DESIGN & COMICS

• Jean Giraud Moebius

CINEMA

• David Lean
• John Schlesinger
• Dennis Hopper
• Roman Polanski
• Sergio Leone

Post Modern (1970s-Today)

• Michael Graves (1934-2015)
• Richard Meier
  • Douglas House (1973)
  • Jubilee Church (2003)
• Vittorio Gregotti (1927 – 2020)
• Mario Botta
  • Casa Rotonda (1982)
• Willy Rizzo (1928-2013)
  • Opening Table (1970) 
• Richard Sapper (1932-2015)
  • Tizio Lamp (1972)
• Ettore Sottsass (1917-2007)
  • Mandarin Chair (1986)
• Giorgetto Giugiaro
• The Pritzker Architecture Prize (1979)

CINEMA

• New Hollywood and the VCR
  • Martin Scorsese
  • Francis Ford Coppola
  • Brian de Palma
  • William Friedkin

MUSIC

• Punk
• Alternative
• Hip Hop

High-Tech / Eco-Tech (1970s-Today)

• Richard Rogers
• Renzo Piano
• Norman Foster
• César Pelli (1926 – 2019)
• Toyo Ito
• Ieoh Ming Pei
• Dieter Rams
• Harmut Esslinger, Frog Design

Technologies, Techniques, Inventions, Discoveries

• Personal Computers
• Social Marketing
• Microsoft (1975)
• Apple (1976)
• Laser printing
• Software
• Video Games
• 3D Animation
• Tim Berners Lee and The invention of the Web

CINEMA

• Stanley Kubrik (1928-1999)
• Ridley Scott
• David Cronenberg
• John Carpenter
• Paul Verhoeven

Minimalism (1970s-Today)

• Tadao Ando
  • Azuma House (1976)
• Kazujo Sejima
• Ryue Nishizawa
• Studio SANAA
  • SANAA Drop Chair
• Luis Barragàn (1902-1988)
• Eduardo Souto de Mura
• Alvaro Siza Vieira
• Alberto Campo Baeza

ART

• Donald Judd (1928-1994)
• Sol Le Witt
• Richard Serra
• Post-Minimal Art

CINEMA

• Robert Bresson
• Andrei Tarkovsky (1932–1986)
• Bela Tarr
• Werner Herzog

Deconstructivism (1970s-Today)

• Jaques Derrida (1930-2004)
• Frank Ghery
  • Cardboard Furniture (1972) 
  • Wiggle Side Chair (1972)
• Peter Eisenman
  • House VI (1975)
• Daniel Libeskind
  • Gemma Armchair (2015)
• Rem Koolhaas
  • Maison à Bordeaux – Lemoine’s House (1998)
  • Seattle Central Library
  • Low Res Project
• OMA – AMO
  • Tools For Life
• Bernard Tschumi
• Steven Holl
  • Y House (1999)
• Ben Van Berkel

CINEMA

• David Lynch
• Terrence Malick
• Leos Carax

Neo-Expressionism (1980s-Today)

• Jørn Utzon
• Zaha Hadid (1950-2016)
  • Moon System 2007
• Jacques Herzog & Pierre de Meuron
• Christian de Portzamparc
• Shigeru Ban
• Santiago Calatrava
• Arata Isozaki
• Fumihiko Maki
• Massimiliano Fuksas
• Rafael Moneo
• Bjarke Ingels
• Ma Yansong
• Tom Wright
• Antonio Citterio
• Sam Maloof (1916–2009)
• Timothy Schreiber
• Marc Newson
• Dakota Jackson
• Tokujin Yoshioka
• Frans Schrofer

Technologies, Techniques, Inventions, Discoveries

• CAD Computer Aided Design
• CAD History
• 3D Applications
  • MODO
• Digital Design
• Digital Art
• Global Internet
• 3D printing

CINEMA

• Terry Gilliam
• Roy Andresson
• Darren Aronofsky
• Wes Anderson

Radical/Kitsch (1980s-Today)

• Studiodada (1977)
• Alessandro Mendini (1931 – 2019)
  • Proust Armchair
• Ron Arad
• Bookworm (1994)
• Philippe Starck
  • Costes Chair (1982)
  • Louis Ghost Chair (2002)
  • Gun Lamp (2005)
• Marteen Baas
  • Burnt Furniture
• Christopher Guy Harrison
• Karim Rashid
• Marcel Wanders
• Terence Main
• Frond Chair
• Patricia Urquiola
• Ferruccio Laviani
• Xavier Lust
• Harow

ART & GRAPHIC DESIGN

• Maurizio Cattelan
• Marina Abramovic
• Christo Javacheff
• Bruce Nauman

CINEMA

• Special Effects Films  
  • 3D Animation
    • Toy Story (1995)
  • Steven Spielberg
  • George Lucas
  • Robert Zemeckis
  • Tim Burton
  • Wachowski Brothers

ANIMATION & COMICS

• Hayao Miyazaki
• Jiro Tanicuchi
• Frank Miller
• Milo Manara

Street & Underground (1980s-Today)

• Graffiti Art
  • Jean-Michel Basquiat (1960-1988)
• Street Art
  • Banksy
  • Shepard Fairey
  • Space Invader
• Street Pop
  • Thierry Guetta AKA Mr. Brainwash
• Pop Surrealism
  • Gary Baseman

COMICS

• Robert Crumb
  • Fritz the Cat (1969)
• Charles Burns
• Andrea Pazienza
• Tanino Liberatore
  • Ranx Xerox

CINEMA

• Quentin Tarantino
• Guy Ritchie
• Nicolas Winding Refn
• Gaspar Noé
• Jonas Åkerlund
• Ulrich Seidl

Eco-Design (21th Century)

• Jean Nouvel
• Jeanne Gang
• Ken Yeang
• Kengo Kuma
• Winy Maas
• Frank Ghery
  • Cardboard Furniture (1972) 
  • Wiggle Side Chair (1972)
• Boeri Studio
  • Bosco Verticale (2014)
• Thomas Heatherwick

Technologies, Techniques, Inventions, Discoveries

• Sustainable Architecture and Urbanism
• Recycled Materials
• Biodegradable
• Heating, Cooling and Ventilation
• Solar Panels
• Wind Turbines
• Waste Management
• Home Automation – Domotics
• PLM Product Life-Cycle Management
• BIM Building Information Technology
• Hybrid Vehicles
• Electric Vehicles
• Hydrogen Fuel
• Cellulose

CINEMA

• James Cameron
• Christopher Nolan

Web 2.0

• Facebook
• Mobile Revolution
• Responsive Web Design
• Flat Design
• Smart Working
• Social Media Marketing
• Facebook Marketing
• Instagram Marketing
• Twitter Marketing
• PMF – Product Market Fit
• Growth Hacking
• Social Dilemma
• Cloud and Sharing
• Sharing Economy
• Internet of Things
• Block-chain And Decentralization
• Cryptocurrency
  • Bitcoin

Contemporary Design

• Industrial Style
• French Country Style
• Bohemian Style – Boho Style
• Rustic Style
• Shabby Chic

• Jonathan Ive
• James Dyson
• Bjarke Ingels
• David Adjaye
• Elizabeth Scofidio
• Snøhetta – Dykers & Thorsen
• Yasmeen Lari
• Célia Nkala
• Rem D. Koolhaas

Technologies, Techniques, Inventions, Discoveries

• Graphic Design
• Cumunication Design
• Web Design
• Responsive Design
• Interior Design
• Exhibition Design
• Scenography
• Furniture Design
• Lighting Design
• Color Design
• Photography
• Fashion Design
• Car Design
• Yacht Design
• Audio Design

NEW TECHNOLOGIES

• Virtual Reality (VR)
• Photogrammetry
• 3D Scanning
• AI Artificial Intelligence

Designing The Future

• Sharing Economy
• Internet of Things
• Block-chain And Decentralization
• Cryptocurrency
  • Bitcoin
  • Litecoin
• Jeremy Rifkin
  • The Zero Marginal Cost Society
• Bill Gates
  • TerraPower
• Elon Musk
  • Space X
  • Neuralink
  • Tesla
    • Cybertruck
• Hyperloop
• Masdar City – Abu Dhabi
• Space Elevator
• Space Colonization
• Armorpaint